DE MACROCARPAEAE GRISEBACH (EX GENTIANACEIS) SPECIEBUS NOVIS I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE GENUS MACROCARPAEA AND THREE NEW SPECIES FROM COLOMBIA, ECUADOR, AND GUYANA

摘要: A monographic revision of the neotropical genus Macrocarpaea (Gentianaceae: Helieae) has been initiated. The taxonomie and nomenclatural background is provided as an introduction in this first several papers. These gentians are typically montane shrubs with large, funnelform, night-blooming, bat-pollinated flowers have a high rate species endemicity. It also excellent group from which to study biogeography, since they occur all major habitats. Three new described illustrated: angelliae (Ecuador) discussion M. stenophylla where neotype selected, ayangannae (Guyana), luteynii (Colombia). New synonymy reported for one published [Macrocarpaea guttifera = Ravenia biramosa (Rutaceae)] six "nomen herbariorum": "Axelsonia globiflora Dusen, ined." rubra , "M. buchtienii Gilg, cinchoniifolia ekmanii Ewan, pinetorum, gilgiana Rusby, cochabambensis peduncularis bangiana, tabacifolia cinchoniifolia.