The ebb and flow of adaptive co-management: A longitudinal evaluation of a conservation conflict

摘要: Abstract Adaptive co-management (ACM) is an emerging approach to the governance of social-ecological systems, but there are few long-term assessments its efficacy. This especially true in conservation conflicts, where ACM can mitigate disputes between polarised stakeholders. We evaluated that emerged 2005 address conflict seal and fisheries interests Moray Firth, Scotland. interviewed 20 stakeholders 2015, repeating a survey carried out 2011 which applied indicator framework measure outcomes pre-conditions for continue. In all one 12 outcome indicators were positive, exception being status salmon. However, ACM’s continuation had weakened, with declines 2005, 2015. These most marked three indicators: leaders prepared champion process, presence bridging organisation or individual, participation impacted The results show this dynamic. Perceived salmon abundance increases numbers have renewed tensions amongst stakeholders, triggering ‘revival’ phase initiated by fishery interests. Our study provides empirical evidence fluid nature, how resource crises reignite ACM. suggest participatory evaluation potentially important early-warning mechanism identify remedial action galvanise respond re-emergence conflict.