Future possibilities in glaucoma therapy.

摘要: Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases causing irreversible optic nerve damage. This review presents 4 elements future glaucoma treatment strategies: baroprotection, vasoprotection, neuroprotection and gene therapy. New baroprotection includes compounds that alter the actin cytoskeleton (rho-kinase inhibitors, latrunculin, cytochalasin), new drugs enhance aqueous outflow via trabecular meshwork (statins, steroid antagonists) uveoscleral route (EP2 agonists, 5-HT2 agonists), as well classes components suppress humor formation (cannabinoids). Vasoprotection blocking reperfusion injury (NOS-2 endothelin blockers, MMP-9 inhibitors). Concerning antiamyloids antibodies, erythropoietin caspase inhibitors are discussed. Gene therapy may target various effectors: (cytoskeleton regulatory proteins, miocyllin, MMPs), ciliary body epithelium (genes modifying production, neuropeptides), cells (MMPs, genes local PGs biosynthesis, muscle relaxants), retinal ganglion (neurotrophin genes, anti-apoptotic genes), Muller (neurotrophins, GLAST) conjunctiva (gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, inhibitor p21). Experimental studies on graft mesenchymal stem mature to replace dead advanced. Immunotherapy, offering vaccination, providing protection against loss cells, has been investigated.