Ranging and site fidelity in northern pigtailed macaques (Macaca leonina) over different temporal scales.

摘要: Space-use patterns are crucial to understanding the ecology, evolution, and conservation of primates, but detailed ranging data scarce for many species, especially those in Southeast Asia. Researchers studying site fidelity either home ranges or core areas have focused mainly on territorial whereas less information is available non-territorial species. We analyzed one wild troop northern pigtailed macaques over 16 months at different temporal scales. used characteristic hull polygons combination with spatial statistics estimate areas. The total range were 449 ha 190 ha, respectively. Average daily path length was 2,246 m. showed a high defendabili­­ty index according expected species which movement does not theoretically permit defense large territory. Overall, study ranged more extensively than conspecific groups closely related studied elsewhere. These differences may reflect variable size, degree terrestriality habitat characteristics, could also methodological differences. location, size shape areas, extent lengths changed monthly basis resulting low between months. clear shifts location scores consecutive days. Daily seasonality, greater values during fruit-abundant period. Low associated lack territoriality consistent structuring their based food sources. However, can be explained by feeding move, foraging strategy that hinders frequent long visits same location. Am. J. Primatol. 77:841–853, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.