Reduced neuronal activity and reactivation in Alzheimer's disease

摘要: 1. Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial in which age and APOE-epsilon 4 are important risk factors. Various mutations even viral infections such as herpes simplex (Itzhaki et al., 1997) may play an additional role. 2. The neuropathological hallmarks of (AD), i.e. amorphous plaques, neuritic plaques (NPs), pretangles, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) cell death not part single pathogenetic cascade but basically independent phenomena. 3. Pretangles can occur neurons from the metabolic rate altered. However, brain areas where classical AD changes, NPs NFTs, present, CA1 area hippocampus, nucleus basalis Meynert tuberomamillary nucleus, decreased found. Decreased appears to be phenomenon disease. It induced by presence NFT or NPs. 4. precede cognitive impairment thus early occurring hallmark disease, which, principle, reversible. observation that administration glucose insulin enhances memory Alzheimer patients also supports view Moreover, several observations indicate activated better able withstand aging AD, paraphrased us "use it lose it". is, therefore, attractive direct development therapeutic strategies towards restimulation neuronal order improve cognition other symptoms A number pharmacological non-pharmacological studies support concept activation indeed has beneficial effects on aspects central functions.