Antisuicidal Effects in Mood Disorders: Are They Unique to Lithium?

摘要: Introduction Suicidal behavior is strongly associated with depression in major depressive (MDD) and bipolar (BD) disorders, especially behavioral activation, dysphoria, or agitation. A rare intervention evidence of suicide risk-reducing as well mood-stabilizing effects mood disorder patients lithium. Methods We reviewed available research on associations long-term treatment lithium risk suicidal behavior. meta-analyzed 12 randomized trials 10 reports (with at least 1 either arm) including both BD MDD subjects, particular attention to comparisons placebo other pharmacological treatments. also summarized ecological studies concentration local drinking water reported rates. Results found substantial reduction risks attempts treatment, particularly phases MDD. Risk was higher mixed (agitated-dysphoric) states than manic hypomanic periods. fatality, specifically, lower probably mood-altering anticonvulsants antidepressants. Discussion Long-term has growing suicide- attempt-sparing effects, greater antidepressants; antipsychotics remain be tested adequately. However, the ethical scientifically adequate design conduct treatments aimed prevention challenging underdeveloped.