Atom Interferometers and Optical Clocks: New Quantum Sensors Based on Ultracold Atoms for Gravitational Tests in Earth Laboratories and in Space

摘要: Cooling and trapping of neutral atoms has been one the most active fields research in physics recent years. Several methods were demonstrated to reach temperatures as low a few nanokelvin allowing, for example, investigation quantum degenerate gases. The ability control degrees freedom opens way applications precision measurement fundamental physical quantities. Here, experiments we are performing using atom interferometry determine gravitational constant G test Newtonian law at micrometric distances will be presented. Other progress, planned or being considered interferometers new optical atomic clocks ground laboratories space also discussed.