Plasma mEV levels in Ghanain malaria patients with low parasitaemia are higher than those of healthy controls, raising the potential for parasite markers in mEVs as diagnostic targets.

摘要: This study sought to measure medium-sized extracellular vesicles (mEVs) in plasma, when patients have low Plasmodium falciparum early infection. We aimed define the relationship between plasma mEVs and: (i) parasitaemia, (ii) period from onset of malaria symptoms until seeking medical care (patient delay, PD), (iii) age and (iv) gender. In this cross-sectional study, n = 434 were analysed Nanosight Tracking Analysis (NTA) used quantify (vesicles 150–500 nm diameter, isolated at 15,000 × g, β-tubulin-positive staining for annexin V, but weak or negative CD81). Overall mEV levels (1.69 1010 mL−1) 2.3-fold higher than uninfected controls (0.51 mL−1). Divided into four groups, we found a bimodal distribution with 2.5- 2.1-fold infected children ( 45 yo) (median:1.92 mL−1), respectively, compared controls; parasite density varied similarly groups. There was positive association (r 0.587, p < 0.0001) strongly associated PD 0.919, 0.0001), gender had no effect on (p 0.667). Parasite also exponentially related patient delay. Gender 0.667) levels. During periods parasitaemia (PD 72h), 0.93-fold greater controls. As 75% (49/65) (20–500 parasites µL−1), close detection limits microscopy Giemsa-stained thick blood films (5–150 quantification by NTA could potentially diagnostic value, raises potential Pf markers as targets.