Opioids in cancer pain

摘要: 1. Principles of management pain due to cancer 2. The range treatments for 3. development and efficacy the WHO analgesic ladder 4. Opioid receptors 5. Starting opioids moderate severe pain: talking patient 6. opioid titration 7. Management adverse effects 8. Morphine 9. Oxycodone 10. Hydromorphone 11. Methadone 12. Other alternative oral 13. Transdermal 14. routes administration 15. Spinal 16. Parenteral 17. Opioids in special circumstances