Decline and recovery of the Aptian carbonate factory in the southern Apennine carbonate shelves (southern Italy): Climatic/oceanographic vs. local tectonic controls

摘要: Abstract In interpreting the inception and demise of different carbonate depositional systems, climatic-oceanographic variations together with sea-level oscillations are commonly considered key elements. However, local tectonic controls cannot be ruled out. attempts to discriminate among main factors controlling evolution southern Apennine mid-Cretaceous system, detailed facies analyses have been performed on Aptian–Albian successions in Matese Group (southern Apennines). Since mid Aptian, analysed testify a tectonically-driven topography, replacing previous large tropical shallow-water domain subdomains characterised by diversified sedimentological trends. Nevertheless, around middle part studied register palaeoecological signals that linked exclusively disturbance because coeval appearance analogous at global scale, including significant change biological assemblages an outbreak organisms indicative stressful conditions water mass. Upper Bedoulian strata clearly record open marine settings richness benthic communities. The biota included rudists, gastropods echinoids plus many foraminifers green algae. Rudists typically “tropical” forms (the caprinid Offneria nicolinae (Mainelli) murgensis Masse, requieniid Lovetchenia Masse monopleurid Agriopleura Kuhn) characterise thick subtidally deposited which coral colonies mollusc shells contributed occasional storm-related skeletal concentrations. Gargasian show impoverished biota: caprinids totally disappear, both as situ layer components, hermatypic corals drastically reduced. Muddy lithofacies prevail intertidal metric cycles cyanobacterial consortia, form dense laminae coalescent oncoids, orbitolinids small (cerithiids) suggest restricted, nutrient-rich water. Large oncoids Bacinella irregularis/Lithocodium aggregatum (mostly chondrodontids gastropods) shell fragments significantly contribute coarse intercalations, oligotrophic condition-adapted (e.g., corals) reduced or absent. This pattern suggests generalised stress mass more marginal areas. During mid-Aptian interval, flourishing adapted mesotrophic–eutrophic conditions, Apennines shows progressive reduction mainly aragonite-dominated chlorozoan increase calcite-dominated rudists thickened calcitic outer layers. Cyanobacteria polychaetes characteristically marked first phases recovery domains, rapidly evolving into complex differentiated assemblages. nerineid acteonid seems related mats microphytae also presence tubes (Thartarella cocumeriformis (Wahlman)). Moreover, grazing activity nerineids favoured oyster-like bivalves. Among persistence radiation species wide range temperatures, such Requieniidae Monopleuridae well elevator Radiolitidae some kind oceanographic seawater chemistry and/or temperature). On basis features described above, we propose existence environmental scenario cooler presumably coupled meso/eutrophic locally oligophotic climatic/oceanographic changes, cooperated modifying factory characterisation tectonically controlled setting.