Substrate vibrations elicit defensive behaviour in leafminer pupae.

摘要: Abstract Late instar larvae and pupae of the spotted tentiform leafminer Phyllonorycter malella (Ger.) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) react with defensive behaviour when attacked by one their parasitoids, eulophid wasp Sympiesis sericeicornis Nees (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Vibrations produced during insertion ovipositor into mine are known to be important cues which detect presence enemies. The aim this study was investigate frequency components elicit reactions in using synthetic vibrations. Sine vibrations bandlimited noise stimuli were offered both free concealed leafmines. Using Laser vibrometry we measured experienced inside mines assessed influence mine. Pupae shown substrate vibrations, do so over a broad range frequencies. Behavioural stronger than pure sine stimuli. Mine tissue attenuated vibration amplitudes input signal from 5.1 22.6 dB. However, as response thresholds only twice high (which is adequate 3 dB) more sensitive expected. This discrepancy discussed terms conditions structure. results indicate that broadbandedness hunting parasitoids may major criterion used leafminers perceive parasitoid escape stings.