2 – Electric Polarization and Relaxation

摘要: This chapter focuses on electric polarization and relaxation in static fields. Electric refers to a phenomenon of the relative displacement negative positive charges atoms or molecules, orientation existing dipoles toward direction field, separation mobile charge carriers at interfaces impurities other defect boundaries, caused by an external field. The due elastic electron clouds particles requires very little time, while involving movement particles, such as permanent migration carriers, much longer time perform. Both electronic atomic are mainly lattice vibration within molecules. Their interaction is intra-molecular phenomenon, restoring force against relatively insensitive temperature, so ionic processes only slightly dependent temperature. Electronic always present molecules all kinds materials; materials made two more different that form ions sharing valence electrons one with others.