Modeling Sensitization to Stimulants in Humans

摘要: Context In animals, repeated exposure to stimulant drugs leads an enhanced drug-induced psychomotor response and increased dopamine release. This phenomenon, known as sensitization, may confer vulnerability drug addiction or psychosis in humans. A similar referred endogenous is also believed play a role the emergence of positive symptoms patients with schizophrenia. Objective To determine whether behavioral neurochemical sensitization occur healthy individuals after limited amphetamine laboratory. Design Open-label, 1-year follow-up administration volunteers. Setting Department Psychiatry, McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute. Participants Ten men (mean ± SD age, 25.8 ± 1.8 years). Intervention Three single doses (dextroamphetamine sulfate, 0.3 mg/kg by mouth) were administered on days 1, 3, 5. Main Outcome Measures Using positron emission tomography [ 11 C]raclopride, we measured release first (day 1) 14 1 year third exposure. Results The initial dose caused ventral striatum (a reduction C]raclopride binding). Consistent sensitization-like 365 there was greater binding), relative dose, striatum, progressively extending dorsal caudate putamen. high novelty-seeking personality trait self-rating assessments indicating impulsivity predicted proneness sensitization. Conclusions Sensitization stimulants can be achieved phenomenon associated persists for at least year.