Institutionalization of international university research ventures

摘要: Abstract International research collaborations are widespread, but few have studied those that reach the scale and scope of what we call international university ventures (IURVs). In an IURV, a sets up formal organizationally consolidated relationship in foreign country. This paper puts forward institutionalization framework to explain development IURVs with different forms. Five case studies presented countries largest number involving US universities: China Singapore. The five cases examined relative elements framework: nominal, leadership, administrative support, multi-year funding, targets, researcher-to-researcher exchange, visibility, evaluation, supporting characteristics. results show emergence depends on specific connections between role government availability resources realization mutual benefits, leading patterns institutionalization. variation is part function degree involvement agency or department providing funding for which influences retention knowledge produced by IURV region through institutionalized mechanisms as well scientific technical human capital host Institutionalization not benefit without limits; nevertheless, structure may be necessary if ambitious research-driven goals achieved.