Ultra Low Power Communication Protocols for UWB Impulse Radio Wireless Sensor Networks

摘要: This thesis evaluates the potential of Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio for wireless sensor network applications. Wireless networks are collections small electronic devices composed one or more sensors to acquire information on their environment, an energy source (typically a battery), microcontroller control measurements, process and communicate with its peers, radio transceiver enable these communications. They used regularly collect within deployment area, often very long periods time (up several years). The large number considered, as well durations, makes any manual intervention complex costly. Therefore, must self-configure, automatically adapt changes in electromagnetic environment (channel variations, interferers) topology modifications: some nodes may run out energy, suffer from hardware failure. is novel technology that, thanks extremely bandwidth, robust frequency dependent propagation effects. Its impulsional nature it multipath fading, short duration pulses leads most components arrive isolated. should also high precision ranging through flight operate at ultra low power levels. main challenge design system that reaches same higher degree savings existing narrowband systems considering all protocol layers. As radios not yet widely available, first part this presents Maximum Pulse Amplitude Estimation, approach symbol-level modeling UWB-IR enabled us implement simulator compatible UWB physical layer IEEE 802.15.4A standard networks. In second thesis, WideMac, MAC specifically designed presented. It uses asynchronous duty cycling minimize consumption, combined periodic beacon emissions so can learn each other's wake-up patterns exchange packets. After analytical study protocol, simulation tool presented evaluate performance WideMac medical body area application. compared two FM-UWB solutions. stack parameters optimized solution, observed credible such Similar simulations, static multi-hop performed. found perform mature highly solution (based WiseMAC ULP protocol), despite lack clear channel assessment functionality radio. last studies analytically dual mode named WideMac-High Availability. combines Low PowerWideMac Aloha consumption hence times be latency communications when required by scheme quantified, proposed transceivers combining CSMA under name WiseMAC-HA.