Normal fault corrugation: implications for growth and seismicity of active normal faults

摘要: Abstract Large normal faults are corrugated. Corrugations appear to form from overlapping or en echelon fault arrays by two breakthrough mechanisms: lateral propagation of curved fault-tips and linkage connecting faults. Both mechanisms include localized fault-parallel extension eventual abandonment relay ramps. These produce distinctive hanging wall footwall geometries indicative system evolution. From such geometries, we can estimate the positions tilted ramps ramp segments internal deformation in incompletely exposed poorly imaged systems. We examine evolution corrugations at Fish Slough (California), Yucca Mountain (Nevada), Pleasant Valley Basin Range province. discuss how systems relates seismicity. For example, 1915 earthquake produced four ruptures that appeared as a single immature depth. At Mountain, argue an array, which includes Solitario Canyon Iron Ridge faults, should be considered source, western could experience up M w 6.9 compared 6.6 estimates for largest individual segment.