Analysis of the Transcriptional Regulator GlpR, Promoter Elements, and Posttranscriptional Processing Involved in Fructose-Induced Activation of the Phosphoenolpyruvate-Dependent Sugar Phosphotransferase System in Haloferax mediterranei

摘要: Among all known archaeal strains, the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) for fructose utilization is used primarily by haloarchaea, which thrive in hypersaline environments, whereas molecular details of regulation PTS under induction remain unclear. In this study, we present a comprehensive examination regulatory mechanism haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei. With gene knockout and complementation, microarray analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR), revealed that GlpR indispensable activator, specifically binds to promoter (PPTS) during induction. Further promoter-scanning mutation indicated three sites located upstream H. mediterranei PPTS, are conserved most haloarchaeal PPTSs, involved Interestingly, two transcripts (named T8 T17) with different lengths 5' untranslated region (UTR) were observed, or UTR swap experiments shorter was likely generated from longer one. Notably, translation efficiency transcript significantly higher ratio (with UTR) T17 increased induction, implying posttranscriptional also activation. these insights into PTS, have proposed working model haloarchaea response environmental fructose.