Immunotherapy for renal carcinoma: theoretical basis and current standard of care.

摘要: Carcinoma of the kidney (a.k.a. ‘hypernephroma’ or renal cell cancer) accounts for 2–3% all adult cancers, and over 4000 new cases are reported in UK every year [1]. It occurs more commonly men, has a peak incidence around 60–70 years, although can occur at any age. The is increasing [2]. If confined to kidney, surgical resection treatment choice, cure result. However, most patients with metastatic disease survive less than 1 [3], chemotherapeutic hormonal approaches generally ineffective. The natural history cancer characteristically manifests an indolent course, long periods stable disease. In addition, ‘spontaneous regression’ metastases often been literature, Evenson & Cole [4] made observation that appeared have highest this controversial intriguing phenomenon. actual frequency spontaneous regression tumours not known, but estimates put it 0.3% [5]. A higher following nephrect-omy established [6]. existence forward as evidence form innate ‘host factor’ immunological response may be involved its pathogen-esis. Such hypothesis supported by increase observed receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy organ transplantation [7].