Reviewing horizontalization: the challenge of analysis in Brazilian foreign policy

摘要: This article presents the increasing demands over Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Itamaraty) for opening its doors to other actors. discussion will be followed by relevant theoretical and methodological analysis. We defend need overcome problems related to: 1) conceptual vagueness about what concept participation means; 2) lack clarity in baseline which comparisons are made; 3) fragile empirical basis; 4) limitations on use sources; 5) how understand impact exerted systemic forces.