Effects of ocean acidification and warming on the larval development of the spider crab Hyas araneus from different latitudes (54° vs. 79° N)

摘要: The combined effects of predicted ocean acidification and global warming on the larvae cold-eurythermal spider crab Hyas araneus L. were investigated in 2 populations: a southern-most around Helgoland (North Sea, 54 degrees N) northernmost at Svalbard Atlantic, 79 N). Larvae exposed temperatures 3, 9 15 C to present day normocapnia (380 ppm CO(2)) CO(2) conditions for near or medium-term future (710 by year 2100, 3000 2300 beyond). Larval development time, growth C/N ratio studied larval stages Zoea I, II, Megalopa. Permanent differences instar duration between both populations detected all stages, likely as result evolutionary temperature adaptation. With exception II 3 under conditions, instars from was delayed compared those Helgoland. Most prominently, much longer fewer specimens morphosed first Megalopa than Enhanced levels (particularly ppm) extended reduced (measured dry mass) fitness (decreasing ratio, proxy lipid content). Such strongest zoeal larvae, during larvae. high sensitivity megalopae population enhanced suggests that this is physiologically sensitive bottleneck within life cycle H. araneus.