Phylodynamic analysis of the canine distemper virus hemagglutinin gene.

摘要: Canine distemper (CD) is one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases in dogs. Despite widespread use vaccines, prevalence CD virus (CDV) has increased at an alarming rate recent years. In this phylodynamic study, we investigated spatiotemporal modes dispersal, demographic trends, effectiveness vaccines for CDV. A total 188 full-length CDV hemagglutinin (H) gene sequences dataset were subjected to recombination analysis, including seven from modified live vaccine (MLV) strains 12 Taiwan specimens. After excluding MLV potential recombinant strains, alignments 176 previous further used analyze characteristics, evidence selection, co-evolution. The genotype consisted MLV-associated genotypes such as America-1 Rockborn-like which characterized by long terminal branches no distinct geographical patterns among lineages. contrast, wild-type isolates clustered into lineages with a structure short branches. Co-circulation extensive diversification simultaneously observed. sequence variation signature was shaped both geographic diversity host tropism. Codon 506 identified multi-epistatic interacting H protein. topological revealed study suggests different epidemic scenarios. For example, ladder-like backbone hallmark directional cladogenesis indicates emergence surviving lineage. stable effective population indicate currently control virus.