Bone Metastasis Microenvironment Participates in the Development of Androgen Ablation Refractoriness and Chemotherapy Resistance of Prostate Cancer Cells Residing in the Skeleton: Clinical Implications
作者： M. Koutsilieris , R. Tenta , D. Tiblalexi , N. Pitulis , E. Sotiriou
关键词: Bone metastasis 、 Cancer research 、 Prostate cancer 、 Cancer cell 、 Bone pain 、 Paracrine signalling 、 Growth factor 、 Somatostatin 、 Androgen 、 Immunology 、 Medicine
摘要: The development of resistance to anti-cancer therapies is a major hurdle preventing long-lasting clinical responses conventional or investigational in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Herein, we analyze the molecular evidence which show that bone metastasis microenvironment survival factors, mainly paracrine, growth (GH)-independent, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-mediated production insulin-like factor 1 (IGF-1) and endocrine, GH-dependent IGF-1 (mainly liver-derived IGF-1), produce an epigenetic form cancer cells pro-apoptotic therapies. In addition, review conceptual framework novel manipulation for metastatic (combination dexamethasone somatostatin analog (SM-A)), yielded durable objective improvement pain performance status stage D3 patients.
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