From graphene constrictions to single carbon chains

摘要: We present an atomic-resolution observation and analysis of graphene constrictions ribbons with sub-nanometer width. Graphene membranes are studied by imaging side spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy at 80?kV. Holes formed in the honeycomb-like structure due to radiation damage. As holes grow two approach each other, hexagonal that lies between them narrows down. Transitions deviations from this ribbon occur as its width shrinks below one nanometer. Some reconstructions, involving more pentagons heptagons than hexagons, turn out be surprisingly stable. Finally, single carbon atom chain bridges contacts observed. The dynamics observed real time atomic resolution enough sensitivity detect every remains stable for a sufficient amount time. chains appear reproducibly various configurations bridges, adsorbates, or open edges seem represent most few system accommodates presence continuous energy input beam.