Herd monitoring to optimise fertility in the dairy cow: making the most of herd records, metabolic profiling and ultrasonography (research into practice)

摘要: Fertility performance is intrinsically linked to the quality of animal environment, overall management and nutrition. This review describes use dairy herd records, metabolic profiles ultrasonographic findings at veterinary fertility examinations monitor manage fertility. After calving, a cow has overcome series physiological hurdles before establishing pregnancy. The selection timely key indicators (KPIs) that specific events in postpartum service periods vital correctly identify problems their potential causes hopefully can be rectified. Cumulative sum charts are timeliest monitors efficiency detection oestrus, insemination outcome relationship between fertility, with point inflection indicating when change took place. Other KPIs data from cohorts, adding an inherent delay indicated. Metabolic milk constituent allow monitoring nutritional adequacy developments offer new possibilities on-farm systems for regular measurements constituents (including progesterone) energy status. Examination reproductive tract used indicate individual status but currently available detail under used. Recent advances ultrasonography improve diagnosis pathophysiology still further clinical these methods practice needs evaluation. Development exploit research needed ensure this knowledge performance.