Multiscale Ordinal Symbolic Analysis of the Lang-Kobayashi Model for External-Cavity Semiconductor Lasers: A Test of Theory

摘要: We study experimentally and theoretically the permutation entropy (PE) of optical intensity $I(t)$ an external-cavity semiconductor distributed feedback laser in coherence collapse regime. Our PE analysis allows us to uncover intrinsic dynamical complexity at multiple timescales delayed-feedback system, as well investigate how experimental observations can be determined by modeling. An overall good agreement between experiment theory corroborates effectiveness Lang–Kobayashi model, though model underestimates on timescale relaxation oscillations lead a time-delay signature that is less evident than experiment, indicating potential vulnerability chaos encryption. This provides critical test standard theoretical framework which chaotic lasers are understood.