Economic incentives for biodiversity conservation: what is the evidence for motivation crowding?

摘要: As economic incentives for biodiversity and ecosystem service protection (e.g., payments services) have become widespread in environmental science policy, a major concern among conservationists scientists is that may undermine people's intrinsic motivations to conserve biodiversity. In this paper we review the theoretical insights empirical findings on motivation crowding effects with instruments protection. First, synthesize psychological mechanisms behind relevant behavior as identified specialized literature. We then conduct systematic of evidence. Our results show that, although several studies suggest existence crowding-out crowding-in effects, evidence remains inconclusive due i) methodological limitations demonstrate ii) lack adequate baseline information about pre-existing motivations, iii) weak comparability across case resulting from inconsistent terminology methods, iv) complexity stemming cultural contextual heterogeneity. conclude conservation are increasingly implemented, it becomes paramount develop robust methodologies assessing changes motivational structures. To address possible detrimental long term outcomes call caution situations where high uncertainties remain.