The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in transcriptional regulation of novel organic cation transporters

摘要: Former studies in rats demonstrated that starvation or treatment with the hypolipidemic drug clofibrate causes a marked increase concentration of carnitine liver. The molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena rats, however, have been largely unknown. Since both, fasting and lead to an activation peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), hypothesis has raised this nuclear could up-regulation novel organic cation transporters (OCTN) which facilitate transport several other cations through membranes. Studies rodents pigs indeed shown PPARalpha agonists OCTN2 liver tissues such as muscle small intestine. Additional experiments PPARalpha-null corresponding wild-type mice, were either fasted treated high-affinity agonist WY-14,643, revealed transcriptional OCTN3 is dependent on PPARalpha. An OCTN by be regarded means supply cells sufficient required for excessive amounts fatty acids into mitochondrion during fasting, therefore plays important role adaptive response metabolism fasting. Due strong similarities gene similar metabolic features anatomic conditions between humans, it likely pharmacological exert effects humans.