Mixed-Species Forests: The Development of a Forest Management Paradigm

摘要: In this chapter we show that most forests are naturally mixed and species diverse. However, the degree of richness varies considerably declines from tropical to temperate boreal regions. The compositional structural diversity man-made or secondary is in cases substantially lower than original, unmanaged native forest. greater simplicity managed, has a number causes including historical factors, current management goals focussing on commodity production, desire reduce complexity. these even-aged monospecific managed was seen as root cause for problems related their ecological stability. This triggered development alternative silvicultural approaches, initially Central Europe, which promoted more natural, mixed-species, structurally diverse forests. initial movements towards forest were not well supported by scientific evidence until end twentieth century. Today, compositionally represent an important element approaches deliver wide range ecosystem goods services context sustainable management. addition, being regarded resistant, resilient, adaptable face global change.