Crista Terminalis as the Anterior Pathway of Typical Atrial Flutter: Insights from Entrainment Map with 3D Intracardiac Ultrasound

摘要: Background The precise location of truly active reentry circuits typical atrial flutter (AFL) has not been well identified. The purpose this study was to verify our hypothesis that the posterior block line is located along posteromedial right atrium (PMRA) and crista terminalis (CT) anterior pathway AFL, with real-time intracardiac echo (ICE). Methods The entire (RA) three-dimensional activation entrainment mapping were evaluated during AFL in 18 patients using CARTO sound. Results The CT clearly visualized by ICE local electrograms single potentials all patients. recognized as based on Double recorded PMRA. Entire RA could be performed 16 separated into three passages. first around tricuspid annulus (TA), second superior vena cava (SVC; waves passed between SVC appendage), last (between upper limit PMRA). All these passages four, TA eight, three, only one patient. Conclusions The functions Dual or triple majority