Molecular markers and their application in genetic diversity of penaeid shrimp

摘要: Penaeidae is a family of shrimp, and it contains many species economic importance, such as the tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon), white leg Atlantic shrimp Indian prawn. Identification population genotype structure penaeid have been enhanced by molecular markers that can be classified into three types, namely allozyme, mitochondrial nuclear markers. The widely used DNA are 12S rDNA, 16S cytochrome b control region. Random amplification polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphism, restriction single-stranded conformational polymorphism microsatellites most commonly for fingerprinting. Molecular play crucial role in to evaluate phenotypic genetic variation, assess demographic bottleneck, study natural structure, compare wild hatchery populations, preserve biodiversity, construct chromosome maps detect whether tag propagation–assisted rehabilitation programs effective. Increase number markers, construction high-density implementation genomic resources (including genome sequencing) expected provide tools improvement these aquaculture through marker-assisted selection. versatile identification populations with crisis comparing diversities, which helps establish management units within threatened species.