Development of polyurethane-based passive samplers for ambient monitoring of urban-use insecticides in water.

摘要: Widespread use of insecticides for the control urban pests such as ants, termites, and spiders has resulted in contamination toxicity aquatic ecosystems different regions world. Passive samplers are a convenient integrative tool situ monitoring trace contaminants surface water. However, performance passive sampler depends closely on its affinity target analytes, making highly specific to types being monitored. The goal this study was develop compatible with wide range insecticides, including strongly hydrophobic pyrethroids weakly fipronil organophosphates. Of six candidate polymeric thin films, polyurethane film (PU) identified be best at enriching test compounds. inclusion stable isotope labeled analogs reference compounds (PRCs) further allowed PU under non-equilibrium conditions. tested large aquarium circulatory water flow, also deployed multiple sites streams southern California. concentrations pesticides derived from ranged 0.5 18.5 ng/L, which were generally lower than total chemical concentration measured by grab samples, suggesting that suspended particles dissolved organic matter rendered them less available. influence bioavailability more pronounced fipronils. results show developed sampler, when coupled PRCs, may used rapid sensitive in-situ