Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Cattle: Applications in Livestock Production, Biomedical Research and Conservation Biology *

摘要: In cattle, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) can be defined as techniques that manipulate reproductive-related events and/or structures to achieve pregnancy with the final goal of producing healthy offspring in bovine females. The present review includes manipulation female tract physiology, artificial insemination, multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, vitro production embryos, fertilization, cloning, transgenesis, xenografting-germ cell transplantation, preimplantation genetic diagnosis sperm sexing. This shows several ART are being currently applied commercially cattle industry acceptable results. On other hand, others have low efficiency predominantly experimental settings. Several these cause detrimental effects at prenatal postnatal period therefore they need improved. However, even if bovine-related biotechnologies properly improved, might more useful conservation endangered ungulates, pharmaceuticals, or models for human reproduction