Minimum Income Protection in Italy and Spain

摘要: This chapter describes the evolution of minimum income protection system in Italy and Spain from their origins until present days, carefully retracing main policy interventions as well preferences social political actors this field. Particular attention will be given to reconstruction trajectories schemes recent decades with initiatives both at national sub-national levels that aimed depart original model. The illustration last-resort safety nets also serves purpose investigating strengths weaknesses system, highlighting institutional peculiarities assessing effectiveness these systems reducing severe absolute poverty a comparative perspective.