LC/MS analysis of brevetoxin metabolites in the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
作者： Zhihong Wang , Steven M Plakas , Kathleen R El Said , Edward L.E Jester , H.Ray Granade
DOI: 10.1016/J.TOXICON.2004.02.017
关键词: Biochemistry 、 Fatty acid 、 Cysteine 、 Crassostrea 、 Biology 、 Metabolite 、 Brevetoxin 、 Eastern oyster 、 Karenia brevis 、 Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
摘要: Brevetoxin (PbTx) metabolism was examined in the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) following exposure to a Karenia brevis red tide, by using LC/MS(/MS) and cytotoxicity assay. Metabolites observed field-exposed oysters were confirmed exposed K. cultures laboratory. Previously, we identified cysteine conjugate its sulfoxide (MH+: m/z 1018 1034) as metabolites of brevetoxin congener PbTx-2. In present study, found with A-type backbone structure 990 1006), probable derivatives PbTx-1. We also glycine-cysteine–PbTx (m/z 1047 1075), γ-glutamyl-cysteine–PbTx 1147), glutathione–PbTx 1176 1204) conjugates A- B-type structures. Amino acid–PbTx react fatty acids through amide linkage form series acid–amino conjugates. These acid are major contributors composite cytototoxic responses obtained extracts brevetoxin-contaminated oysters. Other consistent hydrolytic ring-opening oxidation/reduction reactions.
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