Challenges to a climate stabilizing energy future

摘要: The paper surveys the major challenges to stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Climate change, and policies deal with it, is viewed as an energy problem. problem stems from fact that no combination of carbon-free energies currently capable displacing fossil fuels main sources world's base load requirements. provides rough estimates amount required stabilize climate, potential contribution “conventional” energies, renewable size “advanced technology gap”. findings indicate concentration will require a long-term commitment research, develop, eventually deploy new technologies including hydrogen. suggests role what makes economically feasible. In this respect economics are complementary, advances in former requiring something more than reliance on market-based instruments, such carbon taxes emission permits. analysis has implications for credibility commitments target climate change-related factors emissions.