Four-dimensional GPS imaging of space weather storms

作者: G. S. Bust , G. Crowley , T. W. Garner , T. L. Gaussiran , R. W. Meggs

DOI: 10.1029/2006SW000237

关键词: Global Positioning SystemTomographic reconstructionInversion (meteorology)TomographySolar maximumRemote sensingSpace weatherIonosphereData assimilation

摘要: [1] Recent developments in tomographic imaging allow the use of GPS satellite data to image Earth's ionosphere. Ground-based receivers monitor ionosphere continuously, and a comprehensive database ionospheric measurements suitable for processing now exists. The inversion these three-dimensional time-dependent algorithm can reveal spatial temporal distribution electron density. This new technique is unique studying physics because it gives time-continuous near-global view algorithms have been under continuous development several years are yielding geophysical results. Two fundamentally different (Multi-instrument Data Analysis System Ionospheric Assimilation Three-Dimensional) presented. They show impact two major space weather events during recent solar maximum. Results obtained from similar, which provides additional confidence accuracy images.

参考文章(40)
S. Heise, K. Tsybulya, A. Wehrenpfennig, N. Jakowski, Ionosphere Sounding by GPS measurements on CHAMP ,(2003)
L. Kersley, S. E. Pryse, D. L. Rice, C. D. Russell, I. K. Walker, Tomographic imaging of the ionospheric mid-latitude trough Annales Geophysicae. ,vol. 11, pp. 144- 149 ,(1993)
Massimo Materassi, Cathryn N. Mitchell, Imaging of the equatorial ionosphere Annals of Geophysics. ,vol. 48, pp. 477- 482 ,(2005) , 10.4401/AG-3211
Arthur Gelb, Applied Optimal Estimation ,(1974)
Torsten Neubert, Gary S. Bust, Jeffrey P. Thayer, Clayton Coker, Jürgen Watermann, Mapping plasma structures in the high-latitude ionosphere using beacon satellite, incoherent scatter radar and ground-based magnetometer observations Annals of Geophysics. ,vol. 45, ,(2002) , 10.4401/AG-3488
C. N. Mitchell, P. S. J. Spencer, A three-dimensional time-dependent algorithm for ionospheric imaging using GPS Annals of Geophysics. ,vol. 46, pp. 687- 696 ,(2003) , 10.4401/AG-4373
Robert W. Meggs, Cathryn N. Mitchell, Paul S. J. Spencer, A comparison of techniques for mapping total electron content over Europe using GPS signals Radio Science. ,vol. 39, pp. n/a- n/a ,(2004) , 10.1029/2002RS002846
S. Heise, K. Tsybulya, A. Wehrenpfennig, N. Jakowski, Sounding the Ionosphere by GPS Measurements on CHAMP EAEJA. pp. 9663- ,(2003)
M.J. Buonsanto, Ionospheric Storms — A Review Space Science Reviews. ,vol. 88, pp. 563- 601 ,(1999) , 10.1023/A:1005107532631
A. D. Richmond, Y. Kamide, Mapping electrodynamic features of the high-latitude ionosphere from localized observations: technique Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 93, pp. 5741- 5759 ,(1988) , 10.1029/JA093IA06P05741