Orchestration : global governance through intermediaries

摘要: This paper develops a conceptual framework for analyzing orchestration, mode of governance that is widely used by international organizations (IGOs) and other actors, but rarely identified or analyzed. IGOs engage in orchestration when they enlist intermediary actors on voluntary basis, providing them with ideational material support, to address target pursuit IGO goals. Orchestration thus both indirect (because the acts through intermediaries) soft lacks control over intermediaries). These features distinguish from traditional hierarchical governance, which addresses targets directly hard instruments; collaboration targets, direct soft; delegation, hard. The elaborates concept identifies patterns techniques advances hypotheses regarding conditions under general particular can be expected rely orchestration.