Effects of different boundary conditions on the simulation of groundwater flow in a multi-layered coastal aquifer system (Taranto Gulf, southern Italy)

摘要: The evaluation of the accuracy or reasonableness numerical models groundwater flow is a complex task, due to uncertainties in hydrodynamic properties and boundary conditions scarcity good-quality field data. To assess model reliability, different calibration techniques are joined evaluate effects kinds on coastal multi-layered aquifer southern Italy. In particular, both direct indirect approaches for inverse modeling were through one most uncertain parameters, namely hydraulic conductivity karst deep hydrostratigraphic unit. methodology proposed here, applied real case study, confirmed that selection among critical difficult aspects characterization system conceptual analysis simulation. practical tests conducted this study show incorrect specification prevents an acceptable match between response stresses behavior natural system. Such have negative impact applicability simulate dynamics hydrogeological situations. This particularly important management investigated work, which represents only available freshwater resource area, threatened by overexploitation saltwater intrusion.