TYPE X COLLAGEN AND OTHER UP-REGULATED COMPONENTS OF THE AVIAN HYPERTROPHIC CARTILAGE PROGRAM

摘要: Elucidating the cellular and molecular processes involved in growth remodeling of skeletal elements is important for our understanding congenital limb deformities. These can be advantageously studied epiphyseal zone, region which all increase length a developing long bone achieved. Here, young chondrocytes divide, mature, become hypertrophic, ultimately are removed. During cartilage hypertrophy, number changes occur, including acquisition synthesis new components, most being type X collagen. In this review, based largely on own work, we will first examine structure properties collagen molecule. We then describe supramolecular forms into molecule becomes assembled within tissues, how its physical properties, such as thermal stability. Certain these studies involve novel, immunohistochemical approach that utilizes an antitype monoclonal antibody detects native conformation developmental molecule, transcriptional regulation deduced by vivo footprinting, transient transfection, gel-shift assays. provide evidence has unique diffusion regulatory combine to alter hypertrophic matrix. conclusions derived from vitro system exogenously added moves rapidly through matrix subsequently produces certain mimicking ones have been shown normally occur vivo. include altering fibrils effecting proteoglycans. Last, subtractive hybridization, isolation, characterization other genes up-regulated during with specific emphasis one these--transglutaminase.