IDO and Kynurenine Metabolites in Peripheral and CNS Disorders

摘要: The importance of the kynurenine pathway in normal immune system function has led to an appreciation its possible contribution autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity exerts a protective function, limiting severity experimental arthritis, whereas deletion or inhibition exacerbates symptoms. Other chronic disorder with inflammatory component, atherosclerosis, are also suppressed by IDO activity. It is suggested that this overall anti-inflammatory mediated change relative production Th17 and regulatory T cell populations. Kynurenines may play role CNS Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease multiple sclerosis, which signs inflammation neurodegeneration involved. possibility discussed kynurenines interact other molecules Human Lymphocyte Antigen-G be relevant disorders. Kynurenine involvement account for protection afforded animals cerebral malaria trypanosomiasis when they treated inhibitor kynurenine-3-monoxygenase (KMO). There some evidence changes IL-10 contribute relationship between arthritis conditions should explored. In addition, metabolites downstream KMO, anthranilic acid 3-hydroxy-anthranilic can influence inflammation, ratio these compounds valuable biomarker status although underlying molecular mechanisms require clarification. Hence it essential more effort expended identify their sites action potential targets drug development. Finally, we discuss increasing awareness epigenetic regulation IDO, example DNA methylation, phenomenon explain differences individuals susceptibility