Helicobacter pylori - patogen roku 2005

摘要: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2005 has been awarded jointly to Barry J. Marshall and Robin Warren their discovery of 'the bacterium Helicobacter pylori its role gastritis peptic ulcer disease'. This year's Winners made the remarkable unexpected that inflammation stomach (gastritis) as well ulceration duodenum (peptic disease) is result an infection caused by pylori. Thanks pioneering Warren, disease are no longer a chronic, frequently disabling condition, but can be cured short regimen antibiotics acid secretion inhibitors. also led increased understanding connection between chronic infection, cancer. pylori, gramnegative spiral-shaped bacterium, member ?-Proteobacteria, colonizes gastric mucosa humans. it now recognized H. infects about half world's population (87% Polish population). Infection typically contracted early childhood, transmission from mother child, bacteria may remain rest person's life. identified causative agent inflammation, believed risk factor development mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma adenocarcinoma stomach. World Health organization assigned class i carcinogens. Although more than 50% human infected with only subset develops disease. nature severity depend on host characteristics, bacterial genotype environmental factors. focus this minireview three major virulence factors pylori: vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, CagA - effector molecule type four system urease. VacA have immunomodulatory activities enable establish infection. molecular basis which triggers cell signaling cascades promotes epithelial proliferation described well. highlights recent developments field diagnosis vaccine construction.