Why do wild bonobos not use tools like chimpanzees do

摘要: One of the most conspicuous behavioural differences among great apes is paucity tool use wild bonobos (Pan paniscus) in comparison to chimpanzees troglodytes) who are one prolific and skilled users animal kingdom. This spite fact that bonobo repertories as large diverse chimpanzees’ captive settings. In this study, we compared using behaviours potential drivers these Wamba population located central Democratic Republic Congo with Goualougo chimpanzee northern Congo. The repertoire was comprised only 13 behaviours, 42 for chimpanzees. However, number observed each study site similar between chimpanzees, many types social, self-grooming/stimulation, comfort/protection functions were commonly used by both species. A marked difference 25 exhibited performed feeding, contrast a single report leaf sponge drink water. We examined whether repertoires can be explained necessity, opportunity, relative profitability, or invention hypotheses. found habitat composition fluctuation fruit production at two sites similar, particularly when variation within Thus it unlikely necessity hypothesis explains lack feeding bonobos. Though further needed, did not identify any obvious prey availability would indicate opportunities sites. could test profitability hypothesis, research needed on efficient means calorie protein intake apes. Bonobos formed much larger stable parties than Goualougo, which contrary prediction hypothesis. Another explanation behaviour might current ecological social conditions, but rather circumstances during Pleistocene Epoch. species also reflect divergent predispositions, actual cognitive abilities.