作者: Zainul Abdin , Ali Zafaranloo , Ahmad Rafiee , Walter Mérida , Wojciech Lipiński
DOI: 10.1016/J.RSER.2019.109620
关键词: Hydrogen production 、 Hydrogen economy 、 Renewable energy 、 Alternative energy 、 Chemical energy 、 Hydrogen storage 、 Environmental science 、 Process engineering 、 Fossil fuel 、 Oil refinery
摘要: Abstract Hydrogen is known as a technically viable and benign energy vector for applications ranging from the small-scale power supply in off-grid modes to large-scale chemical exports. However, with hydrogen being naturally unavailable its pure form, traditionally reliant industries such oil refining fertilisers have sourced it through emission-intensive gasification reforming of fossil fuels. Although deployment an alternative has long been discussed, not realised because lack low-cost generation conversion technologies. The recent tipping point cost some renewable technologies wind photovoltaics (PV) mobilised continuing sustained interest water splitting. This paper presents critical review current state arts chain forwarding vector, comprising resources, storage technologies, demand market, economics.