Diversification of NAD biological role: the importance of location.

摘要: Over 100 years after its first discovery, several new aspects of the biology redox co-factor NAD are rapidly emerging. NAD, as well precursors, derivatives, and metabolic enzymes, have been recently shown to play a determinant role in variety biological functions, from classical oxidative phosphorylation reactions regulation gene transcription, lifespan cell death, neurotransmission axon degeneration, function glucose homeostasis that control circadian rhythm. It is also becoming clear this specialized functions regulated by fine subcellular localization related nucleotides enzymatic machinery. Here we describe known biosynthetic catabolic pathways, review evidence supporting for metabolism compartment-dependent manner.