Life-Cycle Optimization Methods for Enhancing the Sustainability of Design and Policy Decisions

摘要: A critical question regarding the life-cycle design and management of any product system is, “What is its optimal service life?” The Center for Sustainable Systems at University Michigan has developed optimization (LCO) methods models to evaluate life asset decisions from energy, emissions, cost, policy perspectives. This LCO model based on a dynamic programming method with inputs derived assessment cost analysis. From an environmental perspective, this particularly complex resolve systems nonlinear use phase burdens uncertain technology improvement trajectories. chapter presents basic methodology demonstrates application automobiles household refrigerators. In both cases, there exist multiple tradeoffs between utilizing existing replacing it one that more efficient. operational efficiency gain replacement should exceed additional resource investments required produce new model. simulations indicate schedules are strongly influenced by rates, deterioration production versus impact ratios, consumer patterns. Results case studies automobiles, refrigerators, air conditioners, highway infrastructure will be highlighted general principles enhancing sustainability presented. Life-cycle expected become another important technique add modeling toolkit informing decisions.