Measuring the intensity of conflicts in conservation

摘要: Conflicts between the interests of biodiversity conservation and other human activities pose a major threat to natural ecosystems well-being, yet few methods exist quantify their intensity model dynamics. We develop categorization conflict based on curve conflict, originally used track escalation deescalation armed conflicts. Our assigns six levels reflecting discourse actions stakeholders involved in given from coexistence or collaboration physical violence. Using range case studies, we demonstrate value our approach quantifying trends, estimating transition probabilities stages, modeling as function relevant covariates. By taking an evidence-based stakeholder behavior, proposed framework allows for better understanding drivers development across diverse socioecological scenarios.