Prevalence of Nightmares and Their Relationship to Psychopathology and Daytime Functioning in Insomnia Subjects

摘要: A representative sample of 5,622 subjects between 15 and 96 years age from the noninstitutionalized general population France were interviewed by telephone concerning their sleeping habits sleep disorders. The interviews conducted using Sleep-Eval knowledge-based system, a nonmonotonic, level 2 expert system with causal reasoning mode. Questions investigated nightmares, based on Diagnostic Statistical Manual, fourth edition (DSM-IV), definition, psychopathological traits, included 12 other groups information, including sociodemographics, sleep-wake schedule, daytime functioning, psychiatric medical history, drug intake. data 1,049 suffering insomnia considered for this analysis. Bivariate analyses, logistic regression analysis method indicator contrasts investigation independent variables, calculation significant odds ratios performed. Nightmares reported in 18.3% surveyed insomniac two times higher women than men. following factors found to be significantly associated nightmares 1) many awakenings, 2) abnormally long onset, 3) memory impairment poor nocturnal sleep, 4) anxiety 5) being woman. There was strong association report presence either depressive disorder, or both disorders together. When effects major controlled for, woman, feeling depressed after night's complaining latency. can lead negative conditioning toward chronic complaints. Considering frequency an adult relationship certain subgroups, should receive more attention patients, especially disrupted as high rates specific group.