Modelling the impact of urbanisation on regional climate in the Greater London Area

摘要: Urban areas have well documented effects on climate, such as the urban heat island effect, reduction of wind speeds, enhanced turbulence and boundary layer heights, changes in cloud cover precipitation. This PhD examines impact surface major agglomeration London local regional climate by means numerical mesoscale model METRAS (Schlunzen 1988) coupled for first time with sophisticated canopy scheme BEP, developed Martilli et al. (2002). The robustness new is demonstrated through a series simulations sensitivity studies an idealised domain. then configured region, evaluated using data from range meteorological monitoring sites. Implementation results marked improvement performance. Under ideal conditions, peak intensities up to 2.5 K are found during night hours, timing magnitude showing good agreement previous experimental London. used investigate how growth Greater area affects intensity. show that relative fractions land vegetation within important implications near temperature, diurnal temperature range, speed also suggest extensive future has potential increase temperatures, significant increases both daytime time. specific forms development, densification spatial expansion, these fields. These design cities management climate.