The characteristics of the most troublesome mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Poland

摘要: Twelve of the 47 Polish mosquito species can pose serious health problems to man or at least heavy nuisance. They fly from breeding sites (where huge numbers be produced) into houses and/or farm buildings transmitting severe human and animal diseases. Problematic ones are: Anopheles messae An. atroparvus, Ochlerotatus communis, Oc. cataphylla, punctor, cantans, sticticus, Aedes cinereus, Ae. vexans, Coquillettidia richiardii, Culex pipiens Culiseta annulata. The distribution, phenology under different climatic conditions, habitat requirements preferences both larvae adults, behaviour, fertility vector competence all these are analyzed. Most in Temperate Zone produce more than one generation during growing season have several emergences. Only communis cataphylla early spring univoltine species, although they breed twice when there favourable conditions. Univoltine which develop times a season, occurring often together with multivoltine punctor. period their occurrence is usually much longer that cataphylla. Flood-water mosquitoes - sticticus occur along river valleys pools situated variety environments. pipiens, especially its form molestus annulata natural artificial ponds, even heavily polluted water. Although known competent vectors diseases, Poland considered cause nuisance only. Despite fact malaria was eradicated 1960-s, two anopheline still transmit malarial parasite very effectively. remaining (except for only one) described paper arboviruses, while filariosis (Dirofilaria sp.).