Metal Working in the Northern Lowveld, South Africa A.D. 1000–1890

摘要: Abstract The Iron Age archaeology of the northern Lowveld South Africa is notable for abundance mining, metal working, and salt production sites recorded in region. We report results scientific studies metallurgical remains recovered from 1965 to 1978 by Nikolaas J. van der Merwe, David Killick, colleagues various campaigns survey excavation Phalaborwa region, a major center precolonial metallurgy. Both iron copper ores occur carbonatite complex at were smelted low-shaft furnaces two different designs. Two radiocarbon dates ca. 1000 b.p. are available mines themselves, which have now been completely destroyed. All other archaeological sequence fall groups, first 10th 13th centuries A.D., second 17th through 20th A.D. both periods; tin-bronze brass appeared towards end earlie...